Istanbul — travel guide
Istanbul is the only city in the world that spreads across two continents — Europe and Asia. The Bosphorus strait splits it in two, while a history that unites Byzantium and the Ottoman Empire is felt on every street. For travelers from Georgia, Istanbul is one of the closest, most affordable and most varied destinations — where great history, lively bazaars, Bosphorus views and delicious cuisine all meet. This guide will help you plan your visit from start to finish — from the sights to getting around.
What to see in Istanbul
The city's historic core is the Sultanahmet district, where most of the main sights stand within walking distance of one another. This is where you'll find Hagia Sophia — a masterpiece of Byzantine architecture with its enormous dome, which over the centuries served first as a Christian cathedral, then a mosque, then a museum, and today functions as a mosque once again. Just a few steps away stands the Blue Mosque (Sultan Ahmed Mosque), famous for its six minarets and the blue İznik tiles of its interior, from which it takes its name.
A little further on, on a hill overlooking the Bosphorus, sits Topkapı Palace — the former residence of the Ottoman sultans, home to the empire's treasures, manuscripts and vast courtyards with panoramic sea views. For lovers of atmosphere and history, the Grand Bazaar is a must — one of the oldest and largest covered markets in the world, where thousands of stalls sell carpets, gold, spices and souvenirs along its labyrinthine vaulted passages.
And finally, no visit is complete without a cruise on the Bosphorus. The view from the water aboard a ferry or tour boat — palaces, old wooden houses (yalı), great bridges and two continents in a single frame — is one of Istanbul's most memorable experiences. If it's your first time, plan at least three days for the historic center and both shores of the Bosphorus.
Flying from Georgia to Istanbul
Istanbul is one of the most convenient air destinations from Georgia — the flight time from Tbilisi is about two hours, which makes it ideal for both a short weekend and a longer trip. Direct flights are available year-round from both Tbilisi and Kutaisi, giving residents of western Georgia a convenient option too.
The city is served by two large airports: Istanbul Airport (IST) on the European side — a large, modern hub relatively close to the historic center — and Sabiha Gökçen (SAW) on the Asian side, often used by low-cost airlines. Before booking a hotel, note which side you'll land on, as getting from one airport all the way to the other takes considerable time.
Ticket prices vary significantly by season and how far ahead you book — booking early and keeping your dates flexible often saves you a great deal. To see specific prices and schedules, use the flight search and compare several airlines in a single window.
The best season to visit
The most comfortable seasons to see Istanbul are spring (April–May) and autumn (September–early November). During these periods the weather is moderately warm and pleasant for long walks, while the tourist flow is lower than in summer. This is the ideal time to explore the historic center and cruise the Bosphorus, when crowds and heat won't complicate your visit.
Summer (June–August) is warm, often hot and the busiest period — queues at the sights are long and prices are frequently at their peak. If you come during these months, plan excursions for early morning or late evening and buy tickets to the main attractions in advance so you don't waste time in line.
Winter in Istanbul is mild, though damp and sometimes rainy; occasionally it even snows and the city takes on a special, romantic look. This is the low season, which means more favorable prices on flights and hotels — but be sure to bring warm clothing and waterproof shoes.
Where to stay — neighborhoods
Choosing a neighborhood in Istanbul depends on your travel style. Sultanahmet is ideal for first-time visitors who value being within walking distance of the main sights — from here it's a few minutes' walk to Hagia Sophia, the Blue Mosque and the Grand Bazaar. This district keeps its historic atmosphere, though in the evenings it's quieter and has little nightlife.
Beyoğlu (around İstiklal Avenue and Taksim) is the city's lively, modern heart — restaurants, cafés, boutiques, galleries and nightlife follow one another here, with the Galata Tower nearby. This area will appeal to those who want an active, vibrant setting and good transport links to both sides of the city.
If you're looking for a more authentic, less touristy experience, consider Kadıköy on the Asian side — a neighborhood full of locals with a lively market, affordable restaurants and cozy streets. Crossing to the European side by ferry from here is easy and pleasant, and prices for hotels and food are usually more favorable than in the central tourist zones.
What to eat and what to buy
Turkish cuisine is an inseparable part of any trip to Istanbul. Be sure to start the morning with a traditional Turkish breakfast — a generous spread of cheese, olives, tomatoes, eggs, honey and hot bread, accompanied by Turkish tea. Through the day, try kebab in its many varieties, balık-ekmek (a grilled fish sandwich sold along the Bosphorus shore) and meze — an assortment of small hot and cold dishes that rounds out any dinner.
For dessert, try baklava with walnuts and pistachios, künefe (a hot cheese sweet) and the famous Turkish ice cream, dondurma. To drink, there's strong Turkish coffee and tea in small glasses, served in almost every café in the city. In restaurants in local, less touristy neighborhoods the flavor is often more authentic and the price more favorable.
As souvenirs, Turkish tea, spices, handmade ceramics, the so-called "evil eye" (nazar) and the famous Turkish delight — lokum — are especially popular. At the Grand Bazaar and the Spice Bazaar quality and price vary widely, so compare several stalls before buying — haggling here is the norm and expected.
Transport and getting around
The key to getting around Istanbul is the Istanbulkart — a single, rechargeable transport card that works on the metro, tram, bus, funicular and Bosphorus ferries. The card is sold and topped up at machines in airports and stations; with a single card you can pay for several people. It not only makes travel easier but also works out significantly cheaper than buying individual tickets.
The city's public transport is extensive and convenient. The metro quickly connects the main hubs and both airports with the center, while the tram (especially the T1 line) runs through the historic center from Sultanahmet toward the Grand Bazaar and the Galata Bridge — one of the most useful routes for a tourist. Crossing the Bosphorus by ferry is at once transport and a sight in itself.
To get from the airport to the center there are several options: the metro (the most economical), HAVAIST/HAVABUS-type shuttle buses and taxis. When taking a taxi, ask for the meter to be switched on or use an app so you know the fare in advance. Keep in mind that traffic is heavy during rush hours, so head to the airport with time to spare.
Practical tips, money and safety
The local currency in Istanbul is the Turkish lira (TRY). Card payment is widely accepted in hotels, restaurants and shops, though cash comes in handy at markets, small stalls and in some taxis. It's better to exchange currency at the city's official exchange offices, where the rate is usually more favorable than at the airport. For internet, the most convenient option is an eSIM you buy online before arrival, or a local operator's SIM card.
The official language is Turkish, though in tourist zones, hotels and shops you'll often encounter English. Knowing a few basic Turkish words — "merhaba" (hello) and "teşekkür" (thank you) — warms up contact with locals. Keep in mind that mosques are active places of worship: take off your shoes when entering, dress modestly, and women will need a headscarf; visits may be restricted during prayer times.
Istanbul is generally a comfortable city for tourists. Take the usual precautions in crowded places — at markets, on the tram and near the main sights — keep an eye on your belongings and leave valuables in the hotel safe. In emergencies, Turkey's single phone number is 112. By following these simple rules, Istanbul will give you an unforgettable and safe experience.
Frequently asked questions
Do Georgian citizens need a visa for Istanbul?
Citizens of Georgia can travel to Turkey visa-free — stays of up to 90 days are allowed. It's recommended to check the current rules and your passport's validity before departure, as requirements change from time to time.
Which airport is better to fly into?
Istanbul Airport (IST) is on the European side and relatively close to the historic center, while Sabiha Gökçen (SAW) is on the Asian side — often for low-cost flights. Choose the one that better suits your route and hotel.
How many days do I need for Istanbul?
3–4 days are enough for the main sights and both shores of the Bosphorus. With more days you can also visit the Princes' Islands and lesser-known neighborhoods if you prefer a calmer pace.
What currency should I bring?
The local currency is the Turkish lira (TRY). Cards are widely accepted, but cash comes in handy at markets and with small vendors. It's better to exchange currency at the city's official exchange offices.
How do I get around the city?
The most convenient option is the Istanbulkart — a single card for the metro, tram, bus and ferries. The historic center is easy to explore on foot, while the Bosphorus ferry is at once transport and a sight.
Is Istanbul safe for tourists?
Istanbul is generally a comfortable city for tourists. Take the usual precautions in crowded places, keep an eye on your belongings and follow local advice. The emergency number is 112.